How to treat renal artery stenosis
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a common vascular disease that may lead to serious consequences such as hypertension and renal failure. In recent years, there have been new developments in the treatment of renal artery stenosis. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide you with a detailed analysis of the treatment options for renal artery stenosis from aspects such as diagnosis, drug treatment, and surgical treatment.
1. Diagnostic methods of renal artery stenosis
Early diagnosis of renal artery stenosis is crucial. The following are commonly used diagnostic methods:
| diagnostic methods | Features | Applicable people |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound examination | Non-invasive, economical and reproducible | Initial screening of patients |
| CT angiography | High resolution and intuitive | Those who need to clarify the degree of stenosis |
| magnetic resonance angiography | No radiation, high contrast | Patients with renal insufficiency |
| renal arteriography | Gold standard, can be treated at the same time | Those planning to undergo interventional treatment |
2. Drug treatment plan
For patients with mild renal artery stenosis or those who cannot tolerate surgery, medical therapy is the preferred option:
| drug type | Representative medicine | Mechanism of action | Things to note |
|---|---|---|---|
| antihypertensive drugs | ACEI/ARB | Inhibits the renin-angiotensin system | Use with caution in bilateral stenosis |
| antiplatelet drugs | Aspirin | Prevent thrombosis | Long-term use requires monitoring |
| lipid-lowering drugs | Statins | Stabilize arterial plaque | Check liver function regularly |
3. New technologies for interventional treatment
In recent years, interventional treatment technology has made significant progress:
| Technical name | Features | Indications | success rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| drug coated balloon | Reduce restenosis rate | short segment stenosis | 85-90% |
| Biodegradable stent | Avoid metal foreign matter residues | young patients | 80-85% |
| directional rotational resection | Treat calcified lesions | severe calcification | 75-80% |
4. Surgical treatment options
For complex cases, surgery remains an important option:
| surgical method | Indications | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta-renal artery bypass grafting | Oral lesions | High long-term patency rate | More trauma |
| renal artery endarterectomy | localized disease | Preserve autologous blood vessels | High technical requirements |
| autologous kidney transplant | complex lesions | Resolve multiple stenoses | The operation is difficult |
5. Latest research progress
Based on recent research, the following new findings are worthy of attention:
1.gene therapy: Animal experiments show that specific genetic intervention can promote blood vessel regeneration and reduce the occurrence of stenosis.
2.bioabsorbable scaffold: Clinical trials have shown that the new stent can be completely absorbed within 3 years, and the restenosis rate is lower than that of traditional stents.
3.remote ischemic preconditioning: Preoperative limb ischemia training can improve renal tolerance to ischemia and protect renal function.
6. Suggestions for daily management of patients
1.Regular monitoring:Recheck kidney function and blood pressure every 3-6 months.
2.lifestyle adjustments: Low-salt diet, moderate exercise, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
3.medication compliance: Strictly follow the doctor's instructions to take the medicine, and do not adjust the dosage without authorization.
4.Alert symptoms: If uncontrollable high blood pressure or renal function worsens, seek medical attention promptly.
Conclusion
The treatment of renal artery stenosis requires an individualized approach to select the optimal treatment method based on the degree of stenosis, cause, and the patient's overall condition. With the advancement of medical technology, minimally invasive interventional treatment has become mainstream, but traditional surgery is still irreplaceable. It is recommended that patients develop a scientific and reasonable treatment plan under the guidance of a professional doctor.
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